Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability coloration and appearance of these. At present, resistant cultivars are not available to commercial growers and foresters. Thirteen isolates were collected from orchards located in gyeongbuk province from 20052007. Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of polysaccharides isolated and purified from diaphragma juglandis fructus. Walnut anthracnose marssonina juglandis in northern california. Cn104256011a application of diaphragma juglandis fructus. Read marssonina leafspot disease of poplar under elevated ozone. The invention aims to disclose an application of diaphragma juglandis fructus to preparation of drinking tea, overcoming the technical defects in the preparation of the drinking tea by diaphragma juglandis fructus. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Evaluation of resistance to anthracnose marssonina juglandis. Two largeeffect qtls and 14 candidate genes conferring resistance to marssonina leaf spot disease were identified in an f1populus deltoides pedigree, which provided valuable information for cloning the particular underlying genes in future. Walnut juglans regia an important commercial dry fruit crop, is attacked by several diseases causing economic damage and amongst them walnut anthracnose caused by marssonina juglandis lib. Osu extension plant pathology slide collection, 1973. Little infection occurred at 27 c, levels below 98% 2%.
Anthracnose of walnut has been reported to be caused by marssonina juglandis lib. Walnut, anthracnose, marssonina juglandis, perpetuates, management. Marssonina juglandis, is a common disease of walnuts and butternut. Mapping quantitative trait loci conferring resistance to. Eight species of marssonina parasitic on 21 species of host plants from korea are described and illustrated. Magnus has posed a serious threat to this crop in india and abroad. Anthracnose and other common leaf diseases of deciduous. Department of agricultural biology, korea university, seoul 6701, korea eight species of marssonina parasitic on 21 species of host plants from korea are described and illustrated. Histopathologic characterization of the process of marssonina brunnea infection in poplar leaves. Anthracnose disease of walnut juglans regia in kashmir.
The fungus marssonina brunnea is a causal pathogen of marssonina leaf spot that devastates poplar plantations by defoliating susceptible trees before normal fall leaf drop. Walnut anthracnose marssonina juglandis in northern california themis michailides, richard buchner and bill coates. Dark spots first appear on the leaf blades and petioles in the spring fig. Sustainability free fulltext an empirical assessment. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Marssonina californica in california marssonina juglandis is other states in usa and europe. Taxonomic studies on the genus marssonina in korea. Research aimed to investigate the biological aspect of marssonina leaf blotch, the resistance of apple varieties and the alternative host of marssonina coronaria, and the interactions between marssonina. Yanfeng zhang, a b wei he, a donghui yan b a the key laboratory for silviculture and conservation of ministry of education, college of forestry, beijing forestry university, beijing, china. Marssonina leaf spot disease mlsd, which is caused by marssonina brunnea, is a devastating threat to poplar plantations.
Sample collection, symptomatology, and life cycle of marssonina juglandis. Occasionally, a severe disease outbreak causes premature defoliation or dieback of parts of the tree. Diaphragma juglandis was separated manually from the fruits. Histopathologic characterization of the process of. This study evaluates the direct and indirect economic effects of outbreaks through a partial equilibrium approach. No infection occurred at relative humidity leptostyla onto the foliage. In this study, an artificial inoculation method similar to procedures used in apple scab greenhouse screenings was developed using. Taxonomic studies on the genus marssonina in korea hyuntae lee and hyeondong shin. Marssonina juglandis in other states in usa and europe. Marssonina blotch in apples and pear scab are diseases that may affect apple and pear production as well as related industries significantly. Black walnuts that are mechanically hulled are placed in mesh bags to begin drying.
Epp7634 anthracnose and other common leaf diseases of. It is newly named ophiognomonia leptostyla and occurs on walnut juglans spp. Marssonina juglandis affects different plant species of the genus juglans. Pdf introduction to walnut anthracnose researchgate.
Evaluation of malus gene bank resources with german. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides bedingten blattflecken bzw. The abts radical scavenging activity of djp2 increased in a dosedependent. The common leaf spot and scorch on ash leaves is caused by the ash anthracnose fungus, gloeosporium aridum. The fungus microstroma juglandis, which occurs throughout. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Biological characterization of marssonina coronaria. The range and scale of the economic influence of such outbreaks should be clarified to ensure the sustainable growth of these industries.
When free moisture remained on the leaves between 12 and 72 hr, 24 to 36% of the inoculated d a. Effects of temperature, free moisture, and relative. Download adobe acrobat reader free software to read pdf files. Pathogenicity of marssonina betulae and other fungi on. Easily share your publications and get them in front of issuus. Downy spot or yellow leaf blotch, caused by microstroma juglandis, causes a yellow blotching on the upper side of leaves.
Marssonina juglandis bildet kleine dunkelbraune bis schwarze punkte mit einem gelben rand. Marssonina coronaria associated with apple blotch disease causes severe premature defoliation, and is widely distributed in korea. The application is carried out according to a method comprising the following steps. Cause drepanopeziza populialbae formerly marssonina populi or m. The anthracnose fungus also attacks butternut, persian or english walnut, hinds walnut, and california walnut. In 2012, we received fewer samples that were diagnosed as anthracnose. However, conidia can survive the absence of free water for at least two weeks. Marssonina leaf blotch has not been widely known and the problems are associated with the incidence of the epidemic so they need to be studied. Walnut is reported to contain free juglone in its leaves and nut hulls 7. Large areas of infected leaves, especially along the edges, turn brown figure 2. Black walnuts should be dried, for at least two weeks in. The genetic characterization of xanthomonas arboricola pv.
Attempts have been made to monitor disease resistance in the field 2 and to select for resistant hybrids of juglans species 3. Leaflets are infected in the summer and develop irregular dark brown or blackish spots. There is also some evidence that when grafted, rootstocks may be able to confer resistance to scions cristinzio et al. Request pdf evaluation of resistance to anthracnose marssonina juglandis among diverse iranian clones of. Effects of temperature, free moisture, and relative humidity on the. Gnomonia leptostyla asexual state marssonina juglandis. Sequencing the genome of marssonina brunnea reveals fungus. Although most apple cultivars grown in china were susceptible or highly susceptible to both pathogens causing two diseases, considerable variation in the level of resistance to both pathogens. Ishs vii international symposium on temperate zone fruits in the tropics and subtropics outbreak of marssonina blotch in warmer climates causing premature leaf fall problem of apple and its management. Looking at the spores themis has identified the lesions as walnut anthracnose marssonina juglandis observed mostly on native black.
Ort resistance to marssonina coronaria and alternaria. Marssonina coronaria is considered a threat to organic apple production in central europe. Since the application of fungicides is limited in organic production, breeding for resistance seems to be a promising strategy to manage the disease in the future. In most of the case, when the acervulli were not present on the leaf or fruit lesions, we made isolations in order to isolate and confirm the fungus. Susceptibility indices and level of resistance rating to marssonina coronaria and alternaria alternata apple pathotype for the major 35 apple cultivars used in. Aspen and poplar leaf spots colorado state university professor, bioagricultural sciences and pest management. Keywords walnut, anthracnose, marssonina juglandis. The disease results in leaf spots ranging in size from a few mm to 1. Walnut anthracnose marssonina californica in northern california themis michailides and richard buchner. Marssonina betulae, discula betulina, melanconium bicolor and fusarium avenaceum were inoculated onto shoots of 1. Rain splash is required as well as free moisture must remain on the. Walnut anthracnose marssonina californica in northern. Issuu is a digital publishing platform that makes it simple to publish magazines, catalogs, newspapers, books, and more online.